VW fallout: cat/exhaust mods & tailpipe emissions

“Remote sensing devices on the roadside can measure emissions as a vehicle passes by, without impeding traffic flow, often without the driver or vehicle knowing they have been tested, and without the vehicle owner waiting in line at an inspection station.”
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/01/opinion/test-emissions-where-cars-pollute-on-the-road.html?_r=0

I’m considering going with piggies & relocated O2s, maybe hi-flow cats, with my 5.2FSI, but fallout VW scandal has me wondering if they are going to up the ante on emissions - particularly in CA. I’ve read that an ECU tune will keep the CEL off and pass a simple OBD scan - which is enough for most tests.

But does anyone actually know what comes out of the tailpipe when you do something like this? Are we talking 5-40x more bleech - like the diesel mods?